Emma Pritchard As floodwaters across Northern NSW continue to recede, persistent wet weather is providing ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, and subsequently, the risk of mosquito-borne diseases including Japanese encephalitis and Ross River Virus. While medical experts are urging Clarence Valley residents to protect themselves as mosquito numbers surge throughout the region, they are also being reminded to look after their furry friends who are also at risk of contracting deadly illnesses which are spread by the insects. Along with humans, cats and dogs are also frequently bitten by mosquitoes, and while most bites generally subside within a day or two, they can also have harmful and sometimes fatal consequences. Sometimes, cats and dogs can experience hypersensitivity and develop raised lesions and rashes across their skin, and even on their ears and around their noses after receiving a bite. Heartworm is another serious disease which affects thousands of cats and dogs each year and is caused by a blood parasite that is spread by mosquitoes. Heartworm enters the vascular system of their host and subsequently the lungs and pulmonary arteries where they restrict blood flow to the heart, affecting the rest of the body and damaging the lining of blood vessels. They can also cause inflammation in the lung tissue close to the airways. Symptoms of heartworm can be subtle, but generally include coughing, fatigue, fever, shortness of breath, and abdominal swelling. While it is strongly advised to seek veterinary advice if you suspect your pet may be suffering from heartworm, prevention is always better than a cure. Annual injections or oral chews which can be purchased from local pet stores are the best ways to ensure your furry friends remain safe against heartworm and other diseases and parasitic infestations. Alternatively, pest repellent collars are also popular choices for pet owners. Other steps you can take to prevent mosquitoes from buzzing around your home and your pets include installing fly screens, removing any stagnant water from nearby pots, and keeping cats and dogs indoors at sunrise and sunset during peak mosquito times. • For further information and advice, it is recommended you make an appointment with your local veterinarian.